NEET 2025 Syllabus: Biology, Physics & Chemistry by NTA

Unit No.

Unit Title

Key Topics

Unit 1

Physics and Measurement

Units & measurements, Errors, Dimensions, Dimensional analysis

Unit 2

Kinematics

Motion, Velocity, Acceleration, Vectors, Projectile, Circular motion

Unit 3

Laws of Motion

Newton’s Laws, Momentum, Friction, and Circular Motion Dynamics

Unit 4

Work, Energy, and Power

Work, Energy, Power, Conservation laws, Elastic & inelastic collisions

Unit 5

Rotational Motion

Rotational motion, Torque, Angular momentum, Moment of inertia

Unit 6

Gravitation

Gravitation laws, Satellite motion, Kepler’s laws, Escape velocity

Unit 7

Properties of Solids and Liquids

Elasticity, Pressure, Viscosity, Surface tension, Heat transfer

Unit 8

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamic laws, Heat, Work, Internal energy, Adiabatic/Isothermal processes

Unit 9

Kinetic Theory of Gases

Gas laws, Kinetic theory, RMS speed, Mean free path

Unit 10

Oscillations and Waves

SHM, Pendulum, Waves, Beats, Superposition, Resonance

Unit 11

Electrostatics

Electric charges, Fields, Potential, Gauss's Law, Capacitors

Unit 12

Current Electricity

Current, Resistance, Ohm’s Law, Circuits, Kirchhoff’s rules

Unit 13

Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

Magnetic fields, Ampere’s Law & Biot-Savart Law, Moving coil galvanometer

Unit 14

Electromagnetic Induction and AC

Faraday’s Law, Lenz's Law, AC Circuits, Transformers

Unit 15

Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves, Spectrum, Applications

Unit 16

Optics

Reflection, Refraction, Lenses, Wave optics, Interference, Polarisation

Unit 17

Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Photoelectric effect, Matter waves, de Broglie hypothesis

Unit 18

Atoms and Nuclei

Bohr model, Atomic structure, Nuclear reactions, Binding energy

Unit 19

Electronic Devices

Semiconductors, Diodes, Logic gates, Rectifiers

Unit 20

Experimental Skills

Measurement tools, Experiments, and Instrument usage

Physics Chapters/Topics

Weightage (%)

Mechanical Properties of Solids

2%

Moving Charges and Magnetism

5%

Centre of Mass & System of Particles

2%

Wave Optics

2%

Electromagnetic Induction

3%

Mechanical Properties of Fluids

3%

Electromagnetic Waves

3%

Rotational Motion

6%

Oscillations

3%

Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

6%

Kinetic Theory of Gases

3%

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

3%

Gravitation

3%

Current Electricity

10%

Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

5%

Units and Measurements

5%

Work, Energy, and Power

3%

Electric Charges and Fields

3%

Magnetism and Matter

1%

Atoms

3%

Nuclei

4%

Motion in a Plane

3%

Mathematical Tools & Vectors

1%

Laws of Motion

2%

Thermodynamics

2%

Waves

1%

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

5%

Alternating Current

4%

Thermal Properties of Matter

1%

Motion in a Straight Line

3%

Unit No.

Branch

Unit Title

Key Topics

1

Physical Chemistry

Some Basic Concepts in Chemistry

Matter, Dalton's theory, Laws of chemical combination, Mole concept, Stoichiometry

2

Physical Chemistry

Atomic Structure

Bohr model, Quantum mechanical model, Quantum numbers, Electronic configuration

3

Physical Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

Ionic & Covalent bonding, VSEPR, Hybridisation, MO theory, Hydrogen bonding

4

Physical Chemistry

Chemical Thermodynamics

First & Second law, Enthalpy, Entropy, Gibbs free energy

5

Physical Chemistry

Solutions

Concentration units, Raoult's Law, Colligative properties, Van't Hoff factor

6

Physical Chemistry

Equilibrium

Physical & Chemical equilibrium, Le Chatelier, Ionic equilibrium, pH, Buffers

7

Physical Chemistry

Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry

Redox concepts, Electrochemical cells, Nernst equation, Conductivity

8

Physical Chemistry

Chemical Kinetics

Reaction rate, Order, Molecularity, Rate laws, Arrhenius equation

9

Inorganic Chemistry

Classification of Elements & Periodicity in Properties

Periodic table, Trends in properties

10

Inorganic Chemistry

The p-Block Elements

Group 13 to 18, Trends, Unique behaviour of the first element

11

Inorganic Chemistry

The d- and f-Block Elements

Transition elements, Lanthanoids, Actinoids, KMnO4, K2Cr2O7

12

Inorganic Chemistry

Coordination Compounds

Ligands, Nomenclature, VBT, CFT, Applications

13

Organic Chemistry

Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

Crystallisation, Chromatography, Elemental analysis, Empirical formulas

14

Organic Chemistry

Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry

Hybridisation, Functional groups, Types of reactions, Electronic effects

15

Organic Chemistry

Hydrocarbons

Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatics, Mechanisms

16

Organic Chemistry

Organic Compounds Containing Halogens

C-X bond nature, Reactions, Environmental effects

17

Organic Chemistry

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic acids

18

Organic Chemistry

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

Amines, Diazonium salts, Properties, Reactions

19

Organic Chemistry

Biomolecules

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Vitamins, Nucleic Acids, Hormones

20

Practical Chemistry

Principles Related to Practical Chemistry

Detection of elements & functional groups, Titrimetric principles, Salt analysis, Thermochemical & kinetic experiments

Chapters/Topics

Weightage (%)

Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles and Techniques

5%

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

4%

Redox Reactions

3%

Structure of an Atom

4%

Thermodynamics

5%

Electrochemistry

5%

Hydrocarbons

7%

The p-Block Elements (XII)

6%

The p-Block Elements

6%

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

7%

Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

2%

Equilibrium

6%

Chemical Kinetics

5%

Biomolecules

4%

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

4%

Solutions

4%

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

4%

Coordination Compounds

5%

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

9%

Amines

5%

The d and f-Block Elements

6%

Unit No.

Unit Name

Topics Covered

1

Diversity in the Living World

- What is living?- Biodiversity and classification- Taxonomy and systematics- Species concept, hierarchy, binomial nomenclature- Five kingdom classification (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Lichens, Viruses, Viroids)- Plant groups: Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms- Animal classification: Non-chordates (up to phylum), Chordates (up to class)

2

Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

- Plant morphology and modifications- Tissues- Anatomy and function of root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, seed- Inflorescence (cymose, racemose)- Animal tissues- Frog: Digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, reproductive systems

3

Cell Structure and Function

- Cell theory, prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic cells- Cell organelles (structure & function)- Cell envelope, membrane, wall- Biomolecules: Proteins, carbs, lipids, nucleic acids- Enzymes: types, properties, action- Cell division: Mitosis, meiosis, significance

4

Plant Physiology

- Photosynthesis: site, pigments, phases, pathways (C3, C4)- Respiration: glycolysis, TCA, ETS- Growth and development: seed germination, phases, plant growth regulators (auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA)

5

Human Physiology

- Breathing: human respiratory system, volumes, disorders- Circulation: heart structure, ECG, double circulation, disorders- Excretion: kidney, urine formation, osmoregulation, disorders- Locomotion: muscle structure, skeletal system, joints- Nervous system: structure, impulse conduction- Endocrine system: glands, hormones, disorders

6

Reproduction

- Reproduction in flowering plants- Pollination, double fertilisation, fruit and seed formation- Human reproduction: anatomy, gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, embryo development- Reproductive health, contraception, STDs, ART (IVF, ZIFT, GIFT)

7

Genetics and Evolution

- Mendelian genetics- Inheritance patterns- DNA and RNA structure, replication- Central dogma, gene expression, Lac operon- Evolution: Darwin, modern theory, genetic drift, selection, Hardy-Weinberg, human evolution

8

Biology and Human Welfare

- Diseases: Malaria, dengue, typhoid, etc.- Immunology basics, vaccines- Cancer, AIDS, drug and tobacco abuse- Microbes in food, industry, sewage, biocontrol, biofertilizers

9

Biotechnology and Its Applications

- Recombinant DNA technology- Applications in health and agriculture- GMOs, Bt crops, transgenic animals- Biosafety, biopiracy, patents

10

Ecology and Environment

- Organisms and environment- Population interactions and attributes- Ecosystem structure, energy flow, pyramids- Biodiversity: patterns, loss, conservation- National parks, sanctuaries, sacred groves

Chapters/Topics

Weightage (%)

Biodiversity and Conservation

4%

Anatomy of Flowering Plants

7%

Cell: The Unit of Life

5%

Respiration in Plants

4%

Microbes in Human Welfare

4%

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

9%

Molecular Basis of Inheritance

14%

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

10%

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

6%

Ecosystem

4%

Morphology of Flowering Plants

6%

Plant Growth and Development

6%

The Living World

1%

Plant Kingdom

7%

Biological Classification

3%

Organisms and Populations

4%

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

4%

Chapters/ Topics

Weightage (%)

Structural Organisation in Animals (Animal Tissues)

8%

Locomotion and Movement

6%

Body Fluids and Circulation

5%

Evolution

6%

Biomolecules

10%

Human Reproduction

6%

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

4%

Excretory Products and Their Elimination

5%

Reproductive Health

8%

Biotechnology – Principles and Processes

12%

Human Health and Disease

6%

Biotechnology and Its Applications

7%

Animal Kingdom

13%

Neural Control and Coordination

2%

Chemical Coordination and Integration

4%

Total

100%

Particular

Highlights

Number of Questions

180 MCQs, out of which 180 should be answered.

Total Marks

720 Marks

Exam Mode

Offline

Types of questions

Multiple Choice Questions

Duration of Exam

3 hours

Subjects

Botany, Zoology, Chemistry, Physics

Language

English/ Hindi/ Marathi/ Bengali/ Gujarati/ Tamil/ Telugu/ Kannada/ Oriya/ Assamese/ Punjabi/ Malayalam/ Urdu

Marking Scheme

4 marks for each correct answer

Negative Marking

Deducts 1 mark for each wrong answer.

Frequency of Exam

Once a year